Tobacco is defined as the dried leaves of the tobacco plant Nicotiana Tabacum and its use by Native Americans can be traced back 8,000 years. It was introduced into Portugal in 1561 and the English knew of it in 1565. The first commercial crop in Virginia was in 1612 and by 1630, 500,000 pounds were exported from Virginia. Tobacco was used by smoking, chewing or snuffing for pleasure and also as a cure for ailments. Cigarettes were mass produced in 1865 and the first cigarette-making machine was introduced in 1880. Tobacco is now grown in 120 countries and is widely used throughout the world.